雅思场景词汇 · 健康与医疗篇 Health & Healthcare
健康生活方式、医疗体系与老龄化是雅思阅读、写作和口语的经典话题。掌握本组词汇，论述健康话题时准确、有说服力。
核心词汇 Core Vocabulary
疾病与身体状况
| 词汇 | 含义 | 雅思例句 |
|---|---|---|
| chronic disease | 慢性病 | Chronic diseases account for most healthcare spending. |
| epidemic / pandemic | 流行病 / 大流行 | The pandemic accelerated digital health services. |
| obesity | 肥胖 | Childhood obesity has tripled in some countries. |
| mental health | 心理健康 | Mental health is as important as physical health. |
| life expectancy | 预期寿命 | Life expectancy has risen steadily for decades. |
| sedentary lifestyle | 久坐的生活方式 | A sedentary lifestyle increases the risk of heart disease. |
| well-being | 福祉、健康 | Regular exercise improves overall well-being. |
预防与治疗
| 词汇 | 含义 | 雅思例句 |
|---|---|---|
| prevention | 预防 | Prevention is cheaper than treatment. |
| vaccination / vaccine | 接种 / 疫苗 | Widespread vaccination prevents outbreaks. |
| diagnosis | 诊断 | Early diagnosis greatly improves recovery chances. |
| treatment | 治疗 | Treatment costs can bankrupt poor families. |
| alternative medicine | 替代医学 | Some patients turn to alternative medicine. |
| nutrition / diet | 营养 / 饮食 | A balanced diet is key to good health. |
| hygiene | 卫生 | Poor hygiene spreads infectious diseases. |
体系与政策
| 词汇 | 含义 | 雅思例句 |
|---|---|---|
| healthcare system | 医疗体系 | The healthcare system faces funding pressure. |
| public health | 公共卫生 | Public health campaigns encourage healthy habits. |
| health insurance | 医疗保险 | Universal health insurance protects the poor. |
| mortality rate | 死亡率 | Infant mortality rates have fallen sharply. |
| aging population | 人口老龄化 | An aging population strains health services. |
| medical care | 医疗护理 | Rural residents lack access to adequate medical care. |
| first aid | 急救 | Learning first aid can save lives. |
高频搭配 High-frequency Collocations
- chronic disease（慢性病）
- mental / physical health（心理/身体健康）
- life expectancy（预期寿命）
- balanced diet（均衡饮食）
- public health（公共卫生）
- medical care / treatment（医疗护理 / 治疗）
- aging population / society（老龄化人口/社会）
- sedentary lifestyle（久坐生活方式）
同义替换 Paraphrasing
| 原词 | 替换表达 |
|---|---|
| sick | ill, unwell, diseased |
| doctor | physician, medical practitioner |
| medicine | medication, drugs, remedy |
| treat | cure, heal, manage (a condition) |
| healthy | fit, robust, in good shape |
| prevent | avert, ward off, guard against |
练习 Practice
A. 选词填空（vaccination / sedentary / expectancy / chronic / well-being）
- A ______ lifestyle is a leading cause of obesity.
- ______ diseases such as diabetes require lifelong management.
- Advances in medicine have extended life ______.
- Mass ______ campaigns dramatically reduced infections.
- Employers are paying more attention to staff ______.
B. 同义替换匹配
| 原句表达 | 替换 |
|---|---|
| 1. sick people | a. medication |
| 2. see a doctor | b. a balanced diet |
| 3. take medicine | c. unwell patients |
| 4. eat healthily | d. consult a physician |
C. 翻译（用给定搭配）
- 久坐的生活方式增加了患慢性病的风险。（sedentary lifestyle / chronic disease）
- 医疗体系必须应对人口老龄化带来的压力。（healthcare system / aging population）
- 预防胜于治疗，健康教育至关重要。（prevention / health education）
答案 Answers
A：1-sedentary 2-Chronic 3-expectancy 4-vaccination 5-well-being
B：1-c 2-d 3-a 4-b
C（参考译文）：
- A sedentary lifestyle increases the risk of chronic diseases.
- The healthcare system must cope with the pressure of an aging population.
- Prevention is better than cure, so health education is vital.
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