雅思场景词汇 · 工作与就业篇 Work & Employment
就业、职场与远程办公是雅思写作与口语的高频话题。掌握本组词汇，谈工作话题时表达专业、地道。
核心词汇 Core Vocabulary
职业与劳动力
| 词汇 | 含义 | 雅思例句 |
|---|---|---|
| occupation / profession | 职业 / 专业 | Teaching is a respected profession. |
| workforce / labour force | 劳动力 | The workforce is ageing in many developed countries. |
| recruit / recruitment | 招聘 | The company recruits graduates every year. |
| employer / employee | 雇主 / 雇员 | Employers value communication skills. |
| white-collar / blue-collar | 白领 / 蓝领 | Both white-collar and blue-collar jobs are changing. |
| freelance / gig economy | 自由职业 / 零工经济 | The gig economy offers flexibility but little security. |
| apprenticeship | 学徒制 | Apprenticeships combine training with real work. |
待遇与状态
| 词汇 | 含义 | 雅思例句 |
|---|---|---|
| salary / wage / remuneration | 薪水 / 工资 / 报酬 | Remuneration packages include bonuses and benefits. |
| job security | 工作保障 | Automation threatens job security in manufacturing. |
| redundancy | 裁员 | Thousands faced redundancy during the recession. |
| promotion | 晋升 | Promotion is often based on performance. |
| career prospects | 职业前景 | Good training improves career prospects. |
| work-life balance | 工作生活平衡 | Flexible hours help employees achieve work-life balance. |
| tenure | 任期、任职 | He completed a long tenure as department head. |
工作形态与效率
| 词汇 | 含义 | 雅思例句 |
|---|---|---|
| remote work | 远程办公 | Remote work became mainstream after the pandemic. |
| flexible working | 弹性工作 | Flexible working attracts talent. |
| productivity | 生产力 | Better tools raise productivity. |
| turnover | 人员流动 | High staff turnover raises training costs. |
| incentive | 激励 | Financial incentives motivate employees. |
| workload | 工作量 | Heavy workloads lead to burnout. |
| unemployment | 失业 | Youth unemployment is a pressing social issue. |
高频搭配 High-frequency Collocations
- job security / satisfaction / market（工作保障/满意度/市场）
- career prospects / path / development（职业前景/道路/发展）
- work-life balance（工作生活平衡）
- staff turnover（员工流动）
- labour market / force（劳动力市场/劳动力）
- remote / flexible working（远程/弹性办公）
- earn a living（谋生）
- apply for a position（申请职位）
同义替换 Paraphrasing
| 原词 | 替换表达 |
|---|---|
| job | occupation, profession, position, post |
| worker | employee, staff, labourer |
| fire | dismiss, lay off, make redundant |
| hire | recruit, employ, take on |
| money | salary, income, earnings, remuneration |
| leave a job | resign, quit, step down |
练习 Practice
A. 选词填空（turnover / productivity / incentive / redundancy / prospects）
- High staff ______ means the company constantly trains newcomers.
- Better working conditions boost ______.
- Many workers fear ______ as factories automate.
- The promotion gave her a strong ______ to perform well.
- Graduates consider long-term ______ before accepting an offer.
B. 判断正误（搭配是否地道）
- "earn a living" — 地道 / 不地道
- "do a job interview" — 地道 / 不地道（更地道说法？）
- "job satisfaction" — 地道 / 不地道
- "work-life balance" — 地道 / 不地道
C. 翻译（用给定搭配）
- 远程办公帮助员工更好地平衡工作与生活。（remote work / work-life balance）
- 青年失业是一个紧迫的社会问题。（youth unemployment / pressing）
- 雇主看重员工的人际交往能力。（employer / communication skills）
答案 Answers
A：1-turnover 2-productivity 3-redundancy 4-incentive 5-prospects
B：1-地道 2-不地道（应说 attend/have a job interview）3-地道 4-地道
C（参考译文）：
- Remote work helps employees achieve a better work-life balance.
- Youth unemployment is a pressing social issue.
- Employers value employees' communication skills.
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