雅思阅读 026 · Which Sleep Profile Are You?

改编自 Scientific American（Clara Moskowitz, 2026）。题型：段落信息匹配 + T/F/NG + 填空。难度：中等偏上（Passage 2，约 800 词）。

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🎧 课文朗读音频（约 1 分钟）

正文 Passage

A night of solid rest can feel like a panacea. The quantity and quality of our sleep influence our physical health, our moods, our cognition and our ability to function in almost every aspect of life. Yet sleep cannot be divided into such a simplistic binary — researchers are coming to understand that it is more complicated.

In a recent study, scientists analysed brain scans and data on how sleep affects many different measures of health. The dataset is based on self-reports from 770 healthy young adults. The researchers used statistical analysis to show that the complex relation between sleep and health can be boiled down to five different profiles.

"You are not either one or the other of these profiles," says study co-author Valeria Kebets of Concordia University in Montreal. "We all express these profiles to a certain degree at some point in our lives." The researchers also emphasised that causality goes both ways: sometimes bad sleep damages our health, but problems in our lives and bodies can also cause sleep cycles to suffer.

Profile 1: Generally Poor Sleep

This profile shows that worse sleep is related to worse mental health. People who take a long time to fall asleep, who wake up often and who do not sleep for very long tend to be more anxious and more depressed and to have more intrusive thoughts.

Profile 2: Sleep Resilience

This profile applies to people who may have mental health concerns, especially issues with focusing and ADHD, but report no sleep complaints. It shows that psychological problems are not always associated with poor sleep.

Profile 3: Sleep Aids

This association reveals that taking sleep aids — including prescription drugs, CBD, teas or any other soporific — is related to worse episodic memory and emotional recognition. Interestingly, though, people who take sleep aids tend to feel more satisfied with their social relationships and support system.

Profile 4: Sleep Duration

A lack of sleep — specifically, getting less than six to seven hours a night — is linked to worse cognitive performance. People in this profile reported issues with problem-solving, emotional processing, language tasks and social cognition. They also felt less agreeable and more irritable.

Profile 5: Disturbances

Those who report disturbed sleep, such as multiple awakenings, breathing issues and uncomfortable body temperatures, also say they experience mental health symptoms such as increased anxiety and depression, substance use and more aggressive behaviour. They also have trouble with memory and language tasks.

The profiles point to ways to improve sleep and health. Taking sleeping pills may hamper your memory, for instance, but could benefit your social relationships. And sleeping for at least six to seven hours a night might boost your cognitive performance and diminish your aggression.

"Sleep is very individual," Kebets says. "But there are some things that can definitely improve sleep." These factors include going to bed at around the same time every night, following a set bedtime routine, and not consuming alcohol right before you try to sleep.

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题目 Questions

Questions 1-5: Which profile matches the following?

1. People who have ADHD but no sleep complaints

2. People who wake up many times during the night

3. People who take sleeping pills but have better social relationships

4. People who take a long time to fall asleep and feel depressed

5. People who sleep less than 6-7 hours and are irritable

Questions 6-9: T/F/NG

6. The study used data from 770 healthy young adults.

7. The researchers say people belong to only one sleep profile.

8. Causality between sleep and health goes in one direction only.

9. Taking sleeping pills may improve emotional recognition.

Questions 10-13: Complete the notes. Choose NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS.

• The five profiles were identified using (10) ____________ analysis.
• People who take a long time to fall asleep tend to be more (11) ____________.
• Less than six to seven hours of sleep is linked to worse (12) ____________ performance.
• Experts recommend going to bed at around the same time every night and not consuming (13) ____________ before sleep.

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答案 Answers

题号	答案
1	Profile 2
2	Profile 5
3	Profile 3
4	Profile 1
5	Profile 4
6	TRUE
7	FALSE（we all express these profiles to a certain degree）
8	FALSE（causality goes both ways）
9	FALSE（worse emotional recognition）
10	statistical
11	anxious and depressed
12	cognitive
13	alcohol

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核心词汇

sleep profile / cognition / depression / anxiety / insomnia / sleep aid / duration / disturbance / resilience / ADHD / irritable / cognitive performance / bedtime routine