闆呮€濆惉鍔涘叏鐪熸ā鎷?Test 8锛?.5+ 闅惧害 路 4 Section 路 甯﹂煶棰戯級
*绗叓濂楋細绉熸埧鐪嬫埧 / 妞嶇墿鍥瑙?/ 鐮旂┒鏂规硶璁ㄨ / 鍩庡競鐑矝鏁堝簲銆?
Section 1 路 绉熸埧鐪嬫埧锛圦uestions 1鈥?锛?
鍦烘櫙锛氬鐢?Olivia Brown 鍜屾埧浜т腑浠嬬湅涓€闂村嚭绉熷叕瀵撱€?
馃帶 Section 1 闊抽
Complete the notes below. Write NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS AND/OR A NUMBER.
| Q | Notes | Answer |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Surname: ______ | |
| 2 | Rent per month: 拢 ______ | |
| 3 | The flat has a ______ balcony | |
| 4 | Deposit: ______ months rent | |
| 5 | Available from: ______ September |
Section 2 路 妞嶇墿鍥瑙堬紙Questions 6鈥?0锛?
鍦烘櫙锛氭鐗╁洯绠＄悊鍛?David 甯﹂蹇楁効鑰呬簡瑙ｅ洯鍖哄竷灞€銆?
馃帶 Section 2 闊抽
Choose the correct letter, A, B or C.
6 Where is the tropical greenhouse?
- A. near the main entrance
- B. by the lake
- C. at the top of the hill
7 What should volunteers do when they see damaged plants?
- A. remove them immediately
- B. report to the garden office
- C. try to repair them
8 What time does the garden close in summer?
- A. 5 p.m.
- B. 6 p.m.
- C. 8 p.m.
9 What do volunteers get free?
- A. lunch
- B. entry all year
- C. a uniform
10 The volunteer meeting is on the first ______ of each month.
Section 3 路 鐮旂┒鏂规硶璁ㄨ锛圦uestions 11鈥?4锛?
鍦烘櫙锛欴r Lee 涓庡鐢?Rachel 鍜?Tom 璁ㄨ闂嵎璋冩煡璁捐銆?
馃帶 Section 3 闊抽
Choose the correct letter, A, B or C.
11 What is wrong with Rachel's questionnaire?
- A. the questions are too long
- B. there are leading questions
- C. there are too many questions
12 What does Tom suggest adding?
- A. open-ended questions
- B. more demographic questions
- C. a prize draw
13 Who will pilot the survey?
- A. Rachel's classmates
- B. Tom's flatmates
- C. Dr Lee's research group
14 When should the final survey be ready?
- A. next week
- B. in two weeks
- C. by the end of the month
Section 4 路 鍩庡競鐑矝鏁堝簲锛圦uestions 15鈥?9锛?
鍦烘櫙锛氱幆澧冪瀛﹁搴р€斺€擳he Urban Heat Island Effect銆?
馃帶 Section 4 闊抽
Complete the notes below. Write NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS AND/OR A NUMBER.
| Q | Notes | Answer |
|---|---|---|
| 15 | City centres can be up to ______ degrees hotter than surrounding rural areas | |
| 16 | The main cause is dark ______ surfaces absorbing solar radiation | |
| 17 | Tall buildings block the release of ______ at night | |
| 18 | Green roofs and ______ can reduce temperatures by several degrees | |
| 19 | Heat islands increase energy use for ______ in summer |
鍚姏鍘熸枃 Transcript锛堝仛棰樺悗鍐嶇湅锛?
SECTION 1
Agent: This way, Ms Brown. Here we are 鈥?second floor, two-bedroom flat. Olivia: It's bright. How much is the rent? Agent: 拢950 a month, which includes water rates. Electricity and gas are extra. Olivia: And the deposit? Agent: That's one month's rent, so 拢950. Most landlords ask for two months, but the owner here is flexible. Olivia: Good. Is there a balcony? Agent: Yes, a small one off the living room 鈥?it faces south, so it gets the afternoon sun. Olivia: When can I move in? Agent: The current tenant leaves on the 1st of September, so it's available from then. You could move in on the 3rd if you need a few days to clean. Olivia: The 1st is fine.
SECTION 2
Welcome to the botanical gardens. I'm David, and I'll show you around. The tropical greenhouse is just behind the main entrance 鈥?you can't miss it. The rose garden is by the lake, and the herb garden is at the top of the hill.
When you're on duty and you see damaged plants, don't try to repair them yourself. Just note the location and report it to the garden office. We have a team of horticulturists who handle that.
In summer, the gardens close at 8 p.m. 鈥?that's when the gates lock. In winter, it's 5 p.m. As a volunteer, you get free entry all year, plus a 20% discount in the gift shop. Lunch isn't provided, but there's a staff kitchen.
We have a volunteer meeting on the first Tuesday of every month 鈥?that's where you get your schedule.
SECTION 3
Dr Lee: Rachel, Tom 鈥?let's look at your draft questionnaire. Rachel, I see a few problems. Some of your questions are leading. For example, "Don't you agree that recycling is important?" That pushes people toward a certain answer. Rachel: Oh, I see. Dr Lee: Rewrite them as neutral questions. Tom: I was thinking we should add a few open-ended questions at the end 鈥?just three or four 鈥?to let people say more. Dr Lee: Good idea. But not too many, or people won't finish. Rachel: Who should we test it on first? Dr Lee: Run a pilot study with my research group 鈥?about 15 people. That'll catch the obvious problems. Tom: And when's the final version due? Dr Lee: I need it by the end of the month 鈥?not next week, you have time.
SECTION 4
Good morning. Today we're looking at the urban heat island effect 鈥?the phenomenon where cities are significantly warmer than the rural areas around them.
In a typical city, the centre can be up to seven degrees Celsius hotter than the surrounding countryside. The main cause is the abundance of dark concrete and asphalt surfaces, which absorb solar radiation during the day and release it slowly at night.
Tall buildings make this worse by trapping heat and blocking the natural airflow that would otherwise cool the streets. During the day, buildings absorb heat; at night, they radiate it back into the narrow streets, preventing cooling.
There are ways to combat this. Green roofs 鈥?roofs covered with plants 鈥?and light-coloured reflective pavements can reduce local temperatures by several degrees. These measures are being adopted in cities from Singapore to Melbourne.
The stakes are high. Heat islands significantly increase energy demand for air conditioning in summer, raising both costs and carbon emissions.
绛旀涓庤В鏋?
Section 1
- Brown锛圤livia Brown锛?2. 950锛埪?50/month锛沚ills extra锛?3. south-facing / small锛坰mall south-facing balcony锛?4. 1锛坥ne month锛沵ost landlords ask two锛?5. 1st锛?st September锛?rd 鏄閫夛級
Section 2
- A锛坆ehind main entrance锛?7. B锛坮eport to garden office锛?8. C锛? p.m. in summer锛?9. B锛坒ree entry all year锛?10. Tuesday锛坒irst Tuesday锛?
Section 3
- B锛坙eading questions锛?12. A锛坥pen-ended questions锛?13. C锛圖r Lee's research group锛?14. C锛坋nd of the month锛屼笉鏄?next week锛?
Section 4
- 7锛坰even degrees锛?16. concrete / asphalt锛坉ark concrete and asphalt锛?17. heat锛坆lock release of heat at night锛?18. light-coloured pavements锛坥r reflective pavements锛?19. air conditioning
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