雅思写作全真模拟 Task 2 · 塑料袋禁令（Problem/Solution · 范文+拆解）

Problem/Solution：塑料袋禁令是否有效。

题目 Task

Many countries have banned or heavily taxed single-use plastic bags. However, plastic pollution remains a serious problem.

Why does plastic pollution persist, and what more can be done?

Give reasons for your answer and include any relevant examples from your own knowledge or experience.

Write at least 250 words.

范文（约 300 词）

Despite widespread bans on single-use plastic bags, plastic pollution continues to blight oceans, rivers and landscapes worldwide. This essay examines why these measures have had limited effect and outlines more comprehensive solutions.

The first reason is that bag bans address only a tiny fraction of plastic waste. While supermarkets have reduced plastic bag use, plastic packaging for food, drinks and consumer goods remains ubiquitous. Most plastic pollution comes from packaging, fishing gear and synthetic textiles, not carrier bags. Moreover, when plastic bags are banned, consumers often switch to thicker plastic bags or non-biodegradable cotton alternatives, which may have a larger environmental footprint overall.

Second, enforcement in many countries is weak. Even where laws exist, they are not consistently applied, and manufacturers continue to produce single-use plastics at enormous volume. Recycling infrastructure is also inadequate: in many regions, most plastic is not recycled at all but dumped in landfills or oceans.

To make meaningful progress, governments must take a systems approach. Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR) laws should require companies to fund the collection and recycling of their packaging. Norway, where over 97 per cent of plastic bottles are recycled through a deposit-return system, shows how effective this can be. Governments should also tax or ban the most unnecessary single-use items — straws, cutlery, packaging fillers — and invest in reuse systems rather than recycling alone.

逐段拆解

高分词汇

• blight / ubiquitous（破坏/无处不在）
• non-biodegradable（不可生物降解的）
• Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR)（生产者延伸责任）
• deposit-return system（押金返还制）
• systems approach（系统性方法）