雅思写作全真模拟 Task 1 · 流程图（太阳能板发电原理 · 范文+拆解）

流程图：太阳能板如何将阳光转化为电能。

题目 Task

The diagram below shows how solar panels convert sunlight into electricity for household use.

Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features.

Write at least 150 words.

流程步骤

1. 阳光照射到太阳能板上（sunlight hits panels）
2. 光子撞击硅电池（photons strike silicon cells）
3. 电子被激发产生直流电（DC electricity generated）
4. 电流经过逆变器转换为交流电（inverter converts DC to AC）
5. 交流电送入家庭用电系统（AC flows into household）
6. 多余电量送入电网（excess sent to power grid）

范文（约 180 词）

The flow diagram illustrates the process by which solar panels convert sunlight into usable electricity for a home.

Overall, the process consists of six main stages, from the initial absorption of sunlight to the supply of electricity for household appliances. It combines a physical energy conversion with electrical engineering steps.

First, sunlight strikes the surface of the solar panels mounted on the roof. The panels contain silicon cells, and when photons from the sunlight hit these cells, they excite electrons, generating direct current (DC) electricity.

This DC current then flows from the panels down to an inverter, which converts it into alternating current (AC) — the standard form of electricity used in homes. The converted AC power is then fed into the household's electrical system, where it can be used to power lights, appliances and heating.

If the panels produce more electricity than the home consumes, the excess power is automatically sent back into the public electricity grid, often earning the household credits on its energy bill.

In conclusion, solar power generation is a clean, multi-step process that transforms sunlight directly into household electricity.

逐段拆解

高分词汇

• photons / silicon cells / electrons（物理术语）
• direct current (DC) / alternating current (AC)（直流电/交流电）
• inverter（逆变器）
• power grid（电网）
• excess（多余的）