Geography Detail · Lake
Lake Baikal
贝加尔湖 · 西伯利亚的深蓝之眼
Lake Baikal is the world's oldest and deepest lake, plunging to 1,642 metres in the heart of Siberia, Russia. Formed about 25 million years ago, it holds more fresh water than all the North American Great Lakes combined — roughly one fifth of the world's unfrozen freshwater.
1,642 m
Deepest point
~25 M yrs
Oldest lake
23,600 km³
Volume of water
20%
Of world's unfrozen freshwater
Overview
Overview undefined
A Rift Lake
Baikal sits in a rift — a crack where the Earth's crust is slowly pulling apart. The same forces that open the rift are widening the lake by about two centimetres every year.
贝加尔湖位于地壳张裂的裂谷中，每年仍以约2厘米的幅度变宽。
A Hidden Ocean of Life
About 80% of the lake's species are found nowhere else on Earth. The most famous is the Baikal seal, the only freshwater seal in the world, which swims through water so clear that you can see more than 40 metres down in spring.
约八成物种为贝加尔湖独有，最著名的是世界上唯一的淡水海豹——贝加尔海豹。
A Frozen Giant
In winter, the lake freezes over with ice up to 1.5 metres thick, and its famous transparent ice becomes a highway for trucks. In spring, great cracks ring like thunder across the mirror-like surface.
冬季湖面结冰厚达1.5米，透明的冰面成为卡车公路，冰裂声如雷鸣。
A Natural Reservoir
Baikal contains more water than all five Great Lakes of North America combined. Its water is so pure that it is exported as a premium product, and scientists compare the lake to a laboratory of evolution.
贝加尔湖水量超过北美五大湖总和，水质纯净，被视为演化实验室。
Length ~636 km — the longest freshwater lake 全长约636千米，最长的淡水湖
Island Olkhon, the largest island, is a sacred site 最大岛屿奥尔洪岛是萨满圣地
Clear water Visibility up to 40 m in spring 春季能见度可达40米
Ice road The 'Road of Life' ice route crosses it in winter 冬季冰面形成“生命之路”公路
Did You Know
Did You Know 趣味知识
Baikal is over 25 million years old
making it Earth's oldest lake.
贝加尔湖约有2500万岁，是最古老的湖泊。
It holds one fifth of the world's unfrozen freshwater
more than all the Great Lakes combined.
占全球未冻结淡水五分之一，超过五大湖总和。
Its seal population survives in fresh water
a mystery of evolution.
淡水里的海豹种群是演化之谜。
The lake grows wider every year
by about two centimetres.
湖泊每年仍加宽约2厘米。
English Encyclopedia · Geography Detail — English first, Chinese as annotation. 正文英文为主 · 中文作注解 | ← Back to World Geography Index
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