Geography Detail · Mountain Range
The Himalayas
喜马拉雅山脉 · 世界屋脊
The Himalayas are the highest and most formidable mountain range on Earth, an arc of about 2,400 kilometres separating the Indian subcontinent from the Tibetan Plateau. Ten of the world's fourteen peaks above 8,000 metres stand here, crowned by Mount Everest.
2,400 km
Length of the arc
10
Peaks above 8,000 m
~50 M yrs
Age since collision
3
Source rivers: Ganges, Indus, Brahmaputra
Overview
Overview undefined
How the Roof Was Built
Around 50 million years ago, the Indian plate collided with Eurasia. The great crustal squeeze folded the seafloor into mountains that are still rising — the highest peak grows about four millimetres a year.
约5000万年前印度板块与欧亚板块相撞，海底被挤压隆起为山脉，至今仍在升高。
Roof of the World
The range is home to all fourteen of the world's 8,000-metre peaks, from Everest to K2 and Kangchenjunga. This is the highest average elevation region on Earth, and its glaciers feed the rivers of a quarter of humanity.
喜马拉雅拥有全球全部14座八千米级山峰，冰川滋养着全球约四分之一人口的大河。
Source of Life
The Ganges, Indus and Brahmaputra all rise in these peaks, carrying meltwater to the plains of South Asia. Seasonal snowmelt — driven by the monsoon — makes the range the water tower of a billion people.
恒河、印度河、雅鲁藏布江均发源于此，季风带来融雪，使这里成为十亿人的水塔。
People of the Mountains
Communities such as the Sherpa have adapted to life above 3,000 metres with high-altitude genes. The region blends Buddhism, Hinduism and ancient trade routes that once linked China, India and Tibet.
夏尔巴人等社群世代生活在海拔3000米以上，拥有适应高原的基因。
Highest Mount Everest 8,848 m — world's highest 主峰珠穆朗玛8848米
Widest The range is up to 350 km wide 山脉最宽处约350千米
Glaciers Some of the world's largest non-polar glaciers 拥有大量非极地大冰川
Seismic zone The ongoing collision makes it earthquake-prone 碰撞仍在进行，属地震多发区
Did You Know
Did You Know 趣味知识
The Himalayas are still rising
because India keeps pushing into Asia.
印度板块持续挤压，喜马拉雅仍在长高。
They are younger than the Alps and Andes
yet far higher.
比阿尔卑斯和安第斯年轻，却高得多。
The monsoon is powered partly by these mountains
deflecting moist air to the plains.
季风部分由山脉的抬升作用驱动。
Marine fossils on the peaks
prove the mountains were once seafloor.
峰顶的海洋化石证明这里曾是海底。
English Encyclopedia · Geography Detail — English first, Chinese as annotation. 正文英文为主 · 中文作注解 | ← Back to World Geography Index
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