雅思写作全真模拟 Task 1 · 饼图（家庭支出构成 · 范文+拆解）

双饼图：一个国家 1980 vs 2020 的家庭支出占比变化。

题目 Task

The pie charts show the proportion of household spending on different categories in one country in 1980 and 2020.

Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.

Write at least 150 words.

图表数据

趋势速览：食品从最大支出（35%）降到 15%；住房从 25% 升到 35%；休闲翻倍。

范文（约 190 词）

The two pie charts illustrate how household spending was distributed across six categories in a single country in 1980 and 2020.

Overall, spending shifted markedly away from food towards housing and leisure. Food, once the largest household expense, had become a relatively minor share by 2020.

In 1980, food accounted for the largest proportion of spending at 35 per cent, followed by housing at 25 per cent. Transport and leisure each represented 10 per cent, healthcare took 8 per cent, and other expenses made up the remaining 12 per cent.

By 2020, housing had become the biggest category, rising to 35 per cent. Leisure spending more than doubled its share from 10 to 20 per cent, and transport grew slightly to 15 per cent. Healthcare remained relatively stable at 10 per cent. In contrast, food spending fell sharply to just 15 per cent, and the "other" category dropped to 5 per cent.

In conclusion, households spent a smaller share of their income on basic necessities such as food and a larger share on housing and discretionary leisure activities.

逐段拆解

高分词汇

• discretionary spending（非必需支出）
• basic necessities（基本必需品）
• more than doubled（翻倍以上）
• fell sharply / remained stable（大幅下降/保持稳定）